~1 in 5
citations fabricated
What the research found
Studies evaluating AI-generated medical content found ChatGPT (GPT-4o) fabricated roughly one in five academic citations, with 56% of citations either fake or containing errors, and much higher rates for some clinical topics.
Why it matters for providers
The model doesn't just get facts wrong — it can manufacture a convincing but false evidence trail that looks authoritative.
Original source
Peer-reviewed citation-accuracy studies
Peer-reviewed or official source — the most reliable tier.